Abdomen, the portion of the body between the lower part of the chest and the pelvis. This oval-shaped cavity is separated from the chest by the diaphragm. Heavy muscles protect the abdomen in the front and sides, and the spinal column with its muscles protect it in back. The abdomen is lined by a membrane, the peritoneum. The stomach, large and small intenstines, liver, spleen, pancreas, kidneys, appendix, gallbladder, urinary bladder, major blood vessels, and nerves lie within the abdomen. Many people call this area by the common term belly.
The function of abdominal organs is the digestion of food, absorption of nutrients by the body, and elimination of indigestible substances and wastes. In the female, the sexual organs are also located within the abdomen, whereas the male sex organs lie adjacent to it.
The abdominal walls not only protect the organs but hold them in place so that they can function properly.
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